By 1776, the colonies had 27 warships-in contrast to the powerful Royal British Navy, which had about 270 warships. On 13 October 1775, the Continental Congress authorized the creation of the Continental Navy, and established the U.S. Thus, the importance of naval power was recognized early in the conflict. The colonies' merchant service had vast experience with the open sea and with warfare, which included British naval expeditions against Cartagena, Spain, and Nova Scotia during the nine years of war with France (1754–1763).
Prior to the onset of the American Revolution, the original 13 colonies had no real naval force other than an abundance of merchant vessels that were engaged in domestic and foreign trade.
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